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MF-related anemia: An integrated transcriptome–proteome analysis
Results from a single-center, integrated transcriptome–proteome analysis, exploring gene and protein profiles in 36 patients with Philadelphia chromosome-negative (Ph–) myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN), including 24 patients with myelofibrosis (MF)-related anemia, were published in Annals of Hematology by Yang et al. The study aimed to characterize transcriptional profiles, abnormal immuno-oncology factors, and potential diagnostic biomarkers of MF‑related anemia.
Key data: Transcriptomic analysis showed 3,496 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between anemic and non-anemic patients, with gene set enrichment analysis demonstrating downregulation of the JAK-STAT pathway in anemic patients (enrichment score, −0.452). DEGs associated with erythroid differentiation were significantly upregulated in anemic patients, while proteomic analysis identified TRAIL (p < 0.001) and CXCL13 (p = 0.004) as the most significantly downregulated and upregulated differentially expressed proteins (DEPs), respectively. Multivariate analysis identified interleukin-10 (IL-10) as an independent diagnostic biomarker for MF-related anemia (p = 0.035), with a receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) area under the curve (AUC) of 0.979 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.956–1.000). Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) confirmed elevated plasma IL-10 in anemic vs non-anemic patients (p < 0.0001), negatively correlating with hemoglobin levels (R = –0.556; p < 0.001).
Key learning: Ineffective erythropoiesis and abnormal inflammatory signaling are hallmark features of MF-related anemia, and plasma IL-10 may serve as a diagnostic biomarker for MF-related anemia.
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